L1 ⚛ L1-458 ⊙ Testnet

Black-Oil Reservoir Simulation

Petroleum Engineering · Reservoir simulation

⬇ Download bundle 🚀 Submit to mainnet — earn 100 PWM + 5% royalty

Markdown — human-readable source of truth

⚙ auto-generated

⬇ L1-458.md

# ⚛ L1 Principle — Black-Oil Reservoir Simulation **ID:** `L1-458` · **Status:** ⊙ Testnet (genesis catalog) > **🌐 Domain:** Petroleum Engineering — *Reservoir simulation* > **🎯 Problem class:** parameter estimation · **🧮 Solution space:** 3D pressure saturation field > **📡 Carrier:** acoustic · **🌫 Noise:** measurement gaussian > **⚖ Difficulty (δ):** 5 · **⛓ Block:** 41555279 --- ## 🧠 1. Introduction **Black-Oil Reservoir Simulation** is a **parameter-estimation problem** whose unknown lives in **3D pressure saturation field** space, within the **Reservoir simulation** sub-domain of **Petroleum Engineering**. Measurements consist of acoustic pressure waves recorded by transducers via a **multiphase flow darcy** sensing mechanism. The forward operator applies, in order: gradient / divergence with respect to position; S · fdm · implicit pressure operator; O · material balance · residual operator. Observations are corrupted by measurement gaussian. Existence of the recovered 3D_pressure_saturation_field is guaranteed within the declared Omega bounds. Uniqueness holds on the measurement-supported subspace; out-of-support modes are controlled by declared priors. Stability is conditionally stable (kappa_eff ~= 1000); permeability_heterogeneity_uncertainty dominates the stability cliff; the remaining mismatch parameters contribute higher-order bias terms. Measurement gaussian sets the irreducible data-fidelity floor. ## ⚙ 2. Forward Model Physical chain: **x** → Spatial derivative → S · fdm · implicit pressure → O · material balance · residual → **y** (detector). ``` y = `O.material_balance.residual` `S.fdm.implicit_pressure` ∇ x ``` **Measurement DAG:** | Primitive | What it does | |---|---| | `D.space` | Gradient / divergence with respect to position | | `S.fdm.implicit_pressure` | S · fdm · implicit pressure operator | | `O.material_balance.residual` | O · material balance · residual operator | ## 🔬 3. Physics Fingerprint | Property | Value | |---|---| | Domain | Petroleum Engineering | | Sub domain | Reservoir simulation | | Carrier | acoustic | | Problem class | parameter_estimation | | Solution space | 3D_pressure_saturation_field | | Noise model | measurement_gaussian | | Integration axis | 3d_pore_volume | | Difficulty delta | 5 | | L dag | 3.5 | ## 📡 4. Measurement Model Existence of the recovered 3D_pressure_saturation_field is guaranteed within the declared Omega bounds. Uniqueness holds on the measurement-supported subspace; out-of-support modes are controlled by declared priors. Stability is conditionally stable (kappa_eff ~= 1000); permeability_heterogeneity_uncertainty dominates the stability cliff; the remaining mismatch parameters contribute higher-order bias terms. Measurement gaussian sets the irreducible data-fidelity floor. | Metric | Value | |---|---| | Metric | production_history_match_NRMS | | Secondary | pressure_match_psi_RMSE | ## 📏 5. Operating Range (Ω) **Center problem class:** `parameter_estimation` · **Forward operator:** `multiphase_flow_darcy` **Center point:** | Parameter | Unit | Value | |---|---|---| | N cells | — | 10000 | | Porosity phi | — | 0.2 | | Production years | — | 20 | | Permeability k md | — | 100 | **Allowed bounds:** | Parameter | Unit | Range | |---|---|---| | N cells | — | 100 – 1000000 | | Porosity phi | — | 0.05 – 0.4 | | Production years | — | 1 – 50 | | Permeability k md | — | 0.1 – 10000 | ## 🎯 6. Tolerance (ε) **Center tolerance:** 0.10 production_history_match_NRMS | Metric | Range | |---|---| | Production history match nrms | 0.01 – 0.5 | ## ⚖ 7. Hardness Function Hardness scales as **`epsilon_fn`** on **production_history_match_NRMS**, with κ = `100000.0` and δ = `5`. ## 💾 8. Reference Dataset - **primary** · weight 1.0 · IPFS _(not pinned yet)_ ## 9. On-chain Registration - **Chain hash:** `0xd09c20c829d75fc011961beac2f7e08f566f6ba912a1f94cd4f4bcf0b0d16a9a` - **Chain tx hash:** `0x912bf29f1731e65687d670dec58f96e7981d09935d5eb588e1161183c4ff4ed5` - **Chain block:** `41555279` --- ## File Mapping This bundle consists of: `L1-458.md`, `L1-458.json`. | File | Role | How to regenerate | |------|------|-------------------| | `L1-458.md` | Source of truth — edit this | Human or LLM | | `L1-458.json` | Structured metadata for the registry | LLM regenerates from the sections above | **Prompt for your LLM after editing this Markdown:** > Read the attached Markdown. Regenerate the sibling `.json` so every field matches. > Preserve the schema documented in the rows above. > Output each file in its own fenced code block tagged with the filename. > Output only the JSON object. _This Markdown was auto-synthesized from the catalog row for `L1-458`._ _Edit it, regenerate the JSON, and submit at [/submit](/submit) to claim the artifact._

📝 Polish this artifact in your LLM

Download the files on the right.
Paste the Markdown into ChatGPT / Claude / Gemini and edit freely.
Send your edited Markdown back with the prompt below.
Save the regenerated JSON, then submit via /submit.

Prompt to give your LLM

Read the attached Markdown (L1-458.md).
Regenerate L1-458.json so every field matches the Markdown.
Preserve the schema documented in the File Mapping footer at the bottom of the MD.
Output each file in its own fenced code block tagged with the filename.

⌥ Hierarchy

Upstream lineage and downstream children

↓ L2 Spec 1 child ▾

L2-458-001 Black-Oil Reservoir Simulation — Nominal + Mismatch Specs

⬇ Download bundle

2 files · click to download

📋 JSON metadata

{
  "artifact_id": "L1-458",
  "chain_block": 41555279,
  "chain_hash": "0xd09c20c829d75fc011961beac2f7e08f566f6ba912a1f94cd4f4bcf0b0d16a9a",
  "chain_tx_hash": "0x912bf29f1731e65687d670dec58f96e7981d09935d5eb588e1161183c4ff4ed5",
  "domain": "Petroleum Engineering",
  "hardness_fn": {
    "delta": 5,
    "kappa": 100000.0,
    "metric": "production_history_match_NRMS",
    "type": "epsilon_fn"
  },
  "initiator_dataset": [
    {
      "ipfs_cid": null,
      "license_hash": null,
      "name": "primary",
      "weight": 1.0
    }
  ],
  "layer": "L1",
  "observable_profile": {
    "metric": "production_history_match_NRMS",
    "regime": "Existence of the recovered 3D_pressure_saturation_field is guaranteed within the declared Omega bounds. Uniqueness holds on the measurement-supported subspace; out-of-support modes are controlled by declared priors. Stability is conditionally stable (kappa_eff ~= 1000); permeability_heterogeneity_uncertainty dominates the stability cliff; the remaining mismatch parameters contribute higher-order bias terms. Measurement gaussian sets the irreducible data-fidelity floor.",
    "secondary": "pressure_match_psi_RMSE"
  },
  "physics_fingerprint": {
    "L_DAG": 3.5,
    "carrier": "acoustic",
    "difficulty_delta": 5,
    "domain": "Petroleum Engineering",
    "integration_axis": "3d_pore_volume",
    "noise_model": "measurement_gaussian",
    "primitives": [
      "D.space",
      "S.fdm.implicit_pressure",
      "O.material_balance.residual"
    ],
    "problem_class": "parameter_estimation",
    "sensing_mechanism": "multiphase_flow_darcy",
    "solution_space": "3D_pressure_saturation_field",
    "sub_domain": "Reservoir simulation",
    "title": "Black-Oil Reservoir Simulation"
  },
  "size_tiers": {
    "allowed_forward_operators": [
      "multiphase_flow_darcy"
    ],
    "allowed_omega_dimensions": [
      "N_cells",
      "permeability_K_mD",
      "porosity_phi",
      "production_years"
    ],
    "allowed_problem_classes": [
      "parameter_estimation"
    ],
    "center_spec": {
      "epsilon_fn_center": "0.10 production_history_match_NRMS",
      "forward_operator": "multiphase_flow_darcy",
      "input_format": "measurement_only",
      "omega": {
        "N_cells": 10000,
        "permeability_K_mD": 100,
        "porosity_phi": 0.2,
        "production_years": 20
      },
      "problem_class": "parameter_estimation"
    },
    "epsilon_bounds": {
      "production_history_match_NRMS": [
        0.01,
        0.5
      ]
    },
    "omega_bounds": {
      "N_cells": [
        100,
        1000000
      ],
      "permeability_K_mD": [
        0.1,
        10000
      ],
      "porosity_phi": [
        0.05,
        0.4
      ],
      "production_years": [
        1,
        50
      ]
    }
  },
  "staked_pwm": 0.0,
  "status": "testnet",
  "sub_domain": "Reservoir simulation",
  "title": "Black-Oil Reservoir Simulation"
}

🎁

Earn PWM by promoting this to mainnet

• 100 PWM one-time grant on mainnet promotion
• 5% upstream royalty on every downstream L4 mining event, forever
• Your wallet is enrolled the moment the founder accepts

🚀 Submit to mainnet →

How: Download the bundle above → polish the Markdown in ChatGPT / Claude / Gemini → submit your version → founder reviews → mainnet.