{"artifact_id":"L1-378","layer":"L1","title":"21cm Cosmology Reionization Signal","domain":"Astrophysics","sub_domain":"Epoch of reionization","physics_fingerprint":{"L_DAG":4.5,"title":"21cm Cosmology Reionization Signal","domain":"Astrophysics","carrier":"radio_wave","primitives":["F.fourier.power_spectrum_3d","S.foreground.removal_wedge","O.chi2.21cm_ps"],"sub_domain":"Epoch of reionization","noise_model":"thermal_gaussian","problem_class":"statistical_inverse","solution_space":"3D_21cm_brightness_temperature","difficulty_delta":10,"integration_axis":"frequency_redshift","sensing_mechanism":"radio_interferometry_21cm"},"observable_profile":{"metric":"power_spectrum_detection_SNR","regime":"Existence of the recovered 3D_21cm_brightness_temperature is guaranteed within the declared Omega bounds. Uniqueness holds on the measurement-supported subspace; out-of-support modes are controlled by declared priors. Stability is conditionally stable (kappa_eff ~= 5000); calibration_errors_percent dominates the stability cliff; the remaining mismatch parameters contribute higher-order bias terms. Thermal gaussian sets the irreducible data-fidelity floor.","secondary":"chi2_reduced_power_spectrum"},"size_tiers":{"center_spec":{"omega":{"noise_K":0.05,"N_antennas":350,"integration_hours":1000,"foreground_level_K":200},"input_format":"measurement_only","problem_class":"statistical_inverse","forward_operator":"radio_interferometry_21cm","epsilon_fn_center":"2.0 power_spectrum_detection_SNR"},"omega_bounds":{"noise_K":[0.01,0.5],"N_antennas":[20,1000],"integration_hours":[100,10000],"foreground_level_K":[50,1000]},"epsilon_bounds":{"power_spectrum_detection_SNR":[1.0,10.0]},"allowed_problem_classes":["statistical_inverse"],"allowed_omega_dimensions":["N_antennas","integration_hours","foreground_level_K","noise_K"],"allowed_forward_operators":["radio_interferometry_21cm"]},"hardness_fn":{"type":"epsilon_fn","delta":10,"kappa":10000000.0,"metric":"power_spectrum_detection_SNR"},"initiator_dataset":[{"name":"primary","weight":1.0,"ipfs_cid":null,"license_hash":null}],"status":"testnet","staked_pwm":0.0,"chain_hash":"0xace44b37cbf5ce999782c567d6623aed4f2d57d3054e38e173cb44c41f5e6481","chain_tx_hash":"0x14f260752a75cf485240378901e1554d023c3b948368ca982f3dcc9eec53d047","chain_block":41555178}