L1 ⚛ L1-132 ⊙ Testnet

Muon Tomography (cosmic-ray scattering imaging)

Scientific Instrumentation · High-Z imaging via cosmic-ray muon MCS

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⬇ L1-132.md

# ⚛ L1 Principle — Muon Tomography (cosmic-ray scattering imaging) **ID:** `L1-132` · **Status:** ⊙ Testnet (genesis catalog) > **🌐 Domain:** Scientific Instrumentation — *High-Z imaging via cosmic-ray muon MCS* > **🎯 Problem class:** statistical scattering inverse · **🧮 Solution space:** z eff map > **📡 Carrier:** muon · **🌫 Noise:** shot poisson > **⚖ Difficulty (δ):** 5 · **⛓ Block:** 41554214 --- ## 🧠 1. Introduction **Muon Tomography (cosmic-ray scattering imaging)** is a **statistical scattering inverse** whose unknown lives in **z eff map** space, within the **High-Z imaging via cosmic-ray muon MCS** sub-domain of **Scientific Instrumentation**. Measurements consist of muons traversing or stopping in the target via a **multiple coulomb scatter** sensing mechanism. The forward operator applies, in order: L · scatter · MCS operator; L · project · pathlength operator; pixel-level spatial averaging on the detector. Observations are corrupted by Poisson shot noise from quantum-limited detection. Reconstruction is Poisson-limited at low flux; angular resolution O(10 mrad) at GeV. Hybrid stopping-power techniques (muon decay counting) add info. ## ⚙ 2. Forward Model Physical chain: **x** → L · scatter · MCS → L · project · pathlength → Spatial integration → **y** (detector). ``` y = ∫_A dA `L.project.pathlength` `L.scatter.MCS` x, measurements ~ Poisson(αy) ``` **Measurement DAG:** | Primitive | What it does | |---|---| | `L.scatter.MCS` | L · scatter · mcs operator | | `L.project.pathlength` | L · project · pathlength operator | | `int.spatial` | Pixel-level spatial averaging on the detector | ## 🔬 3. Physics Fingerprint | Property | Value | |---|---| | Domain | Scientific Instrumentation | | Sub domain | High-Z imaging via cosmic-ray muon MCS | | Carrier | muon | | Problem class | statistical_scattering_inverse | | Solution space | z_eff_map | | Noise model | shot_poisson | | Integration axis | angular | | Difficulty delta | 5 | | L dag | 2.7 | ## 📡 4. Measurement Model Reconstruction is Poisson-limited at low flux; angular resolution O(10 mrad) at GeV. Hybrid stopping-power techniques (muon decay counting) add info. | Metric | Value | |---|---| | Metric | Z_eff_NMSE | | Secondary | spatial_resolution_mm | ## 📏 5. Operating Range (Ω) **Center problem class:** `muon_tomography` · **Forward operator:** `muon_tomo_forward` **Center point:** | Parameter | Unit | Value | |---|---|---| | N muon | — | 1e+07 | | Acq time hours | — | 24 | | Tracker res mm | mm | 1 | | Momentum unknown | — | 1 | | Flux inhomogeneity | — | 0.1 | **Allowed bounds:** | Parameter | Unit | Range | |---|---|---| | N muon | — | 10000.0 – 1000000000.0 | | Acq time hours | — | 1 – 720 | | Tracker res mm | mm | 0.1 – 10 | | Momentum unknown | — | 0 – 1 | | Angular resolution | — | 1 – 50 | | Flux inhomogeneity | — | 0.0 – 0.3 | | Background contamination | — | 0.0 – 0.2 | ## 🎯 6. Tolerance (ε) **Center tolerance:** Z_eff NMSE 0.05 | Metric | Range | |---|---| | Z eff nmse | 0.001 – 0.5 | ## ⚖ 7. Hardness Function Hardness scales as **`epsilon_fn`** on **Z_eff_NMSE**, with κ = `500` and δ = `5`. ## 💾 8. Reference Dataset - **primary** · weight 1.0 · IPFS _(not pinned yet)_ ## 9. On-chain Registration - **Chain hash:** `0x0436233d55ed7be6c8e7fb25b3f12095bf1dddc715c8d211b09b8fe891f7186f` - **Chain tx hash:** `0xd2cb17040d07b2d73365c1164590e156449b2ef2f50fc6c212316256be757b3c` - **Chain block:** `41554214` --- ## File Mapping This bundle consists of: `L1-132.md`, `L1-132.json`. | File | Role | How to regenerate | |------|------|-------------------| | `L1-132.md` | Source of truth — edit this | Human or LLM | | `L1-132.json` | Structured metadata for the registry | LLM regenerates from the sections above | **Prompt for your LLM after editing this Markdown:** > Read the attached Markdown. Regenerate the sibling `.json` so every field matches. > Preserve the schema documented in the rows above. > Output each file in its own fenced code block tagged with the filename. > Output only the JSON object. _This Markdown was auto-synthesized from the catalog row for `L1-132`._ _Edit it, regenerate the JSON, and submit at [/submit](/submit) to claim the artifact._

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Read the attached Markdown (L1-132.md).
Regenerate L1-132.json so every field matches the Markdown.
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Output each file in its own fenced code block tagged with the filename.

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L2-132-001 Muon Tomography Spec (nuclear safeguards family)

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📋 JSON metadata

{
  "artifact_id": "L1-132",
  "chain_block": 41554214,
  "chain_hash": "0x0436233d55ed7be6c8e7fb25b3f12095bf1dddc715c8d211b09b8fe891f7186f",
  "chain_tx_hash": "0xd2cb17040d07b2d73365c1164590e156449b2ef2f50fc6c212316256be757b3c",
  "domain": "Scientific Instrumentation",
  "hardness_fn": {
    "delta": 5,
    "kappa": 500,
    "metric": "Z_eff_NMSE",
    "type": "epsilon_fn"
  },
  "initiator_dataset": [
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      "license_hash": null,
      "name": "primary",
      "weight": 1.0
    }
  ],
  "layer": "L1",
  "observable_profile": {
    "metric": "Z_eff_NMSE",
    "regime": "Reconstruction is Poisson-limited at low flux; angular resolution O(10 mrad) at GeV. Hybrid stopping-power techniques (muon decay counting) add info.",
    "secondary": "spatial_resolution_mm"
  },
  "physics_fingerprint": {
    "L_DAG": 2.7,
    "carrier": "muon",
    "difficulty_delta": 5,
    "domain": "Scientific Instrumentation",
    "integration_axis": "angular",
    "noise_model": "shot_poisson",
    "primitives": [
      "L.scatter.MCS",
      "L.project.pathlength",
      "int.spatial"
    ],
    "problem_class": "statistical_scattering_inverse",
    "sensing_mechanism": "multiple_coulomb_scatter",
    "solution_space": "z_eff_map",
    "sub_domain": "High-Z imaging via cosmic-ray muon MCS",
    "title": "Muon Tomography (cosmic-ray scattering imaging)"
  },
  "size_tiers": {
    "allowed_forward_operators": [
      "muon_tomo_forward",
      "muon_radiography_forward"
    ],
    "allowed_omega_dimensions": [
      "N_muon",
      "tracker_res_mm",
      "acq_time_hours",
      "momentum_unknown",
      "flux_inhomogeneity",
      "angular_resolution",
      "background_contamination"
    ],
    "allowed_problem_classes": [
      "muon_tomography",
      "muon_radiography_gross",
      "cosmic_nuclear_safeguards"
    ],
    "center_spec": {
      "epsilon_fn_center": "Z_eff NMSE 0.05",
      "forward_operator": "muon_tomo_forward",
      "input_format": "tracker_event_list",
      "omega": {
        "N_muon": 10000000.0,
        "acq_time_hours": 24,
        "flux_inhomogeneity": 0.1,
        "momentum_unknown": 1,
        "tracker_res_mm": 1.0
      },
      "problem_class": "muon_tomography"
    },
    "epsilon_bounds": {
      "z_eff_nmse": [
        0.001,
        0.5
      ]
    },
    "omega_bounds": {
      "N_muon": [
        10000.0,
        1000000000.0
      ],
      "acq_time_hours": [
        1,
        720
      ],
      "angular_resolution": [
        1,
        50
      ],
      "background_contamination": [
        0.0,
        0.2
      ],
      "flux_inhomogeneity": [
        0.0,
        0.3
      ],
      "momentum_unknown": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "tracker_res_mm": [
        0.1,
        10
      ]
    }
  },
  "staked_pwm": 0.0,
  "status": "testnet",
  "sub_domain": "High-Z imaging via cosmic-ray muon MCS",
  "title": "Muon Tomography (cosmic-ray scattering imaging)"
}

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